A checking fixture for rapid detection in a casting process belongs to the field of casting detection equipment and is disclosed for solving the problems that the traditional measuring tool has bad field universality, high detection cost and low efficiency. The checking fixture for rapid detection in casting process comprises a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate, which are used for clamping graduated scales; and a row of closely arranged graduated scales for detecting the shape of a part to be detected are clamped between the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate. A detection part of the checking fixture consists of a row of slender rod-shaped graduated scales which are arranged closely. In use, a part of graduated scales copy the shapes of irregular shapes after being in contact with the irregular shapes, and then the size is directly read out or a section of survey coordinate graph is drawn according to the scales of the graduated scales so as to obtain required size information of circular arc, curve, grade of slope, depth, and the like. The checking fixture for rapid detection in casting process has the advantages of low manufacturing and maintenance cost, no need of a fixed operation plate, strong field universality, rapid detection, high precision, convenience for management and long service life, and can realize multi-part continuous measurement.