The invention discloses an intelligent management and control system of core communication equipment of a substation. A central processing unit, a signal acquisition device and an optical fiber adapter are simultaneously arranged in a cabinet; the central processing unit is connected with the signal acquisition device; the signal acquisition device is connected with the optical fiber adapter; the outer wall of the cabinet is provided with a card reader; the card reader is connected with the central processing unit; and an electronic lock is arranged in the cabinet and is simultaneously connected with the card reader and the central processing unit. By establishing the intelligent management and control system of the core channel equipment of the substation, the authority of operators can be intelligently distributed, operation traces are remained, optical fiber light splitting and scheduling are guided, all remained data is periodically backed up, statistical data and graphs can be generated, and the intelligent management and control system is of great value to operation quality monitoring and tracking after an event.