The invention provides a high-birefringence component and a manufacturing method thereof. The high-birefringence component comprises a medium rod coated with low-refractivity polymer and a micro optical fiber wound on the medium rod, wherein one end of the micro optical fiber is an optical signal input end, and the other end of the micro optical fiber is an optical signal output end, the birefringence is adjusted through selecting micro optical fibers with different diameters and polymers with different refractivity, and the length of a birefringence area is controlled by the length of the micro optical fiber wound on the medium rod. The birefringence of the high-birefringence component is one order of magnitude higher than that of an ordinary polarization maintaining optical fiber, and has a compact structure. Compared with a manufacturing method of a high-birefringence micro optical fiber straightened from the ordinary polarization maintaining optical fiber, the manufacturing method disclosed by the invention is low in cost. The component can be widely applied in the fields of optical communication, optical fiber sensing, integrated optics and the like.