The invention relates to a method for identifying types of crude oil by using a two-dimensional correlation infrared asynchronization spectrum. The method comprises that: (1) infrared spectrums of a crude oil sample at different temperatures are determined, a second order differentiation treatment is performed, absorbance of spectrum areas of 755-1005 cm<-1> and 1160-1247 cm<-1> at different temperatures is selected to carry out a two-dimensional correlation treatment to obtain a two-dimensional correlation asynchronization spectrum matrix, and the synchronization spectrum matrixes of each sample are adopted to establish a crude oil infrared asynchronization spectrum database X; (2) a two-dimensional correlation asynchronization spectrum matrix x of the absorbance of the crude oil sample requiring identification at different temperatures is acquired according to the method in the step (1); and (3) the matrix x and a correlation coefficient of each movement row matrix of each sample of the crude oil two-dimensional infrared spectrum database in the two-dimensional correlation asynchronization spectrum matrix in the spectrum areas are calculated, an identification parameter Q of the sample is calculated, and comparison of Qi and a threshold value Qt, and the movement row matrix correlation coefficient value are adopted to judge whether the crude oil requiring identification and the sample i in the database are the same. The method of the present invention has the following advantages that: spectrum identification accuracy rate is high, and the blended crude oil and the pure crude oil can be rapidly distinguished.