The invention relates to the technical field of cutting liquid filtering equipment, in particular to a sucking circulating belt type filtering device. The device comprises a liquid box and a shell, wherein the shell is fixed on the liquid box; a driving roller is fixed at one end in the shell, and a driven roller is fixed at the other end in the shell; a filtering belt winds the driving roller and the driven roller; a control device and a drive motor are arranged on the side of the shell; the control device is connected with the drive motor, and the drive motor is connected with the driving roller; the upper layer of the filtering belt, the lower layer of the filtering belt and two sides of the shell define a cavity; the cavity is divided into a drying cavity and a sucking cavity by a partition plate; a gap plate is arranged on the lower part of the upper layer of the filtering belt; a filtering cavity is formed on the lower half part of the upper layer of the filtering belt, and a waste liquid inlet is formed in the filtering cavity; and a sucking pump is fixed on the liquid box and connected to a sucking cavity through a pipeline, and a negative pressure message-sending device which is arranged on the side of the shell is connected to the sucking cavity. By the device, the cutting liquid can be effectively filtered, the using cost of a machine tool is reduced, and automatic filtering is realized; and the device is easy to operate and convenient to maintain.