The invention relates to a test device for the minimum bending radius of an umbilical cable and a usage method of the test device. The test device comprises a test bed, a fixed device and a tension device are arranged on one side of the test bed in a spaced manner, a plurality of anchor piles are arranged on an extension line of the fixed device in a horizontal spaced manner, and accordingly, a plurality of tracks are arranged on an extension line of the tension device in a spaced manner; and a plurality of tracks distributed in a radial form are arranged between the anchor pile which is farthest from the fixed device and the tension device and the tracks, and a mobile pile is arranged in each of the tracks. The test device for the minimum bending radius of the umbilical cable and the usage method of the test device have the advantages of simple structure, easiness in operation and capability of simply and rapidly changing the bending radius of the umbilical cable, and can be widely applied to umbilical cable-related enterprises, research institutes and oil and gas companies.