The invention discloses an automatic silkworm breeding system, comprising a group of transmission systems with upper and lower chain wheels arranged on a vertical transmission shaft, wherein the transmission shaft is connected with a power plant; the upper and lower chain wheels work together to drag a transmission chain (1); the chain forms a screw-type vertical closed transmission; the chain is supported by a spirally developed guide rail (14), guided and tensioned; a group of sliding guide rails with intervals are parallel to the chain and the supporting guide rail; a group of transversely arranged trays (7) are supported by the chain and the sliding guide rails; the trays are dragged to move by the chain; and the supporting guide rail and the sliding guide rails are supported by the frame. The system is integrated in a space, thereby being convenient to manage, and saving manpower and material resources, and the scientific silkworm breeding system with the functions of automatic constant temperature, automatic moisture compensation and automatic ventilation is easy to implement.