The invention relates to a docking device for lifting and recovering underwater heavy-duty operation equipment, which comprises a docking head, a docking cavity assembly and a docking guide port, wherein the docking cavity assembly is sleeved outside the docking head; the docking guide port is arranged at the upper part of the docking head; the docking head is in a bullet shape and is a partially hollow integral-type cylinder and cone combined body; the docking cavity assembly comprises a cylinder-shaped frame, the cylinder-shaped frame is provided with an inner cylindrical surface, and the lower surface of the inner cylindrical surface is provided with an inner conical surface matched with the docking head; the outer surface of the cylinder-shaped frame is provided with a plurality of pin shaft hole seats; the plurality of pin shaft hole seats are respectively pivotally connected with a plurality of thrust pieces arranged at the lower part to form a revolute pair; the lower ends of the thrust pieces are elastically connected to the lower end of the cylinder-shaped frame; the thrust pieces are connected with a hydraulic cylinder; one end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the cylinder-shaped frame; a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to a thrust rod; and the thrust rod is connected with the thrust pieces. The docking device disclosed by the invention can be used for safely, quickly and effectively realizing the releasing and docking operation of the underwater heavy-duty operation equipment.