The invention discloses a method for efficiently preheating coke oven gas. The coke oven gas is subjected to preheating treatment by flue gas or waste gas with the temperature of above 1,150 DEG C, and the flue gas or the waste gas and the coke oven gas are subjected to countercurrent heat exchange, wherein the preheating treatment comprises convection preheating treatment and radiation preheating treatment which are performed sequentially; after the convection preheating treatment, the coke oven gas is preheated to 500 to 600 DEG C; and after the radiation preheating treatment the coke oven gas is continuously preheated to 800 to 950 DEG C. The coke oven gas is preheated by completely utilizing the sensible heat of high-temperature flue gas or tail gas, so that the preheating time is short, the preheating temperature is high, the automatic control can be realized basically, the heat efficiency is high, and operation safety and reliability are achieved. High-temperature decomposition of hydrocarbon in the coke oven gas and carbon deposition can be effectively prevented by adding a trace amount of a carbon deposition inhibitor and a decarbonizer, and the application range is wide.