The invention discloses a planetary type full-automatic sludge aerobic fermentation device and system. The planetary type full-automatic sludge aerobic fermentation device comprises a cylindrical reactor, a reactor sealing cover body which is connected with the cylindrical reactor in a sealing mode, an aerating system arranged in the cylindrical reactor, a filtrate collecting pipeline system arranged at the bottom of the cylindrical reactor, a stirring system which can rotate around the axis of the cylindrical reactor, and a belt distributing system which can rotate around the axis of the cylindrical reactor, wherein the stirring system comprises an obliquely arranged auger; and the conveying direction of the auger is upwards inclined to the axis of the cylindrical reactor. The sludge aerobic fermentation system comprises a mixing and conveying system, a gas collection treatment system, a filtrate treatment system and a planetary type full-automatic sludge aerobic fermentation device. According to the invention, the aerobic fermentation efficiency is improved, the problems that the traditional sludge aerobic fermentation time is long, the occupied area is large, the stench problem is prominent and the like are improved, and fine and automatic control is realized.