The invention provides human protein NDUFA10 interacting with transgenic plant exogenous Bt protein. The amino acid sequence of the human protein NDUFA10 is as shown in a sequencer (SEQ) ID No.1, or the sequence is substituted by, deleted by or added with one or a plurality of amino acid to form an amino acid sequence with the same functions. Transgenic plant exogenous Bt protein screens a human complementary deoxyribonucleic acid (cDNA) library in a yeast two-hybrid method to obtain the human protein interacting with the exogenous Bt protein, and the interaction is subjected to positive verification in a co-immunoprecipitation method. The human protein NDUFA10 interacting with the transgenic plant exogenous Bt protein can be applied to the genetically modified organism safety evaluation research field to be used for forecasting potential risks of the Bt protein on human bodies.