The invention discloses an automatic storing and reading method for an electronic document data of a technical supervision system in the electric power industry. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a data characteristic recognition mode according to a data model attribute, aggregating and generating a mapping table and an automatic converting tool and compiling a plug-in; adding the plug-in into an electronic document editor and performing characteristic marking on a data which needs to be recorded into the technical supervision system in an electronic document; and while storing the electronic document, automatically converting the data subjected to characteristic marking into a structural data and uploading into a data statistic module of the technical supervision system. The technical method of performing the characteristic marking on the data which needs to be recorded into the electronic document by the plug-in compiled by the mapping table and the automatic converting tool is adopted, so that a nonstructural text data and the structural data can be mutually converted, the repeated recording and statistic operations of first line production personnel are greatly relieved, the process flow is reduced, the accuracy of data recording is ensured while the working efficiency is increased, and the reliability of a summary report form is enhanced.