The invention belongs to the technical field of an agricultural aircraft, and discloses an agricultural aircraft spraying operation filtering device which comprises a shell; the upper part of the shell is provided with an inlet, and a spray medium can be injected into the shell through the inlet; the bottom of the shell is provided with a quick discharge hole; a bottom cover is arranged on the quick discharge hole, and is provided with a filter screen framework; a filter screen is arranged between the outer side of the filter screen framework and the inner wall of the shell; the shell is also provided with a first outlet and a second outlet which are used for spraying out the spray medium; a first connecting frame is welded on the pipe wall of the first outlet; a press rod is movably connected on the first connecting frame, and is provided with a bulge used for tightly pressing the bottom cover; the other end of the press rod is provided with a U-shaped nick; a second connecting frame is welded on the pipe wall of the second outlet; the second connecting frame is connected with a movable screw rod; and the screw rod is clamped into the U-shaped nick. The agricultural aircraft spraying operation filtering device effectively shortens the time spent on assembling and disassembling the filter screen, thus improving the replacement efficiency of the filter screen.