The invention discloses a distribution network cable on-site maintenance management system which comprises an on-site maintenance terminal, a background maintenance database system, a work well identification device and a cable identification device, wherein the work well identification device and the cable identification device are arranged on site; through the on-site maintenance terminal, a work well identification on the work well identification device and a cable identification on the cable identification device are identified, and corresponding work well attribute information and cable attribute information are inquired from a background maintenance database; and according to the on-site situation, the updated work well attribute information or/and the updated cable attribute information are uploaded to the background maintenance database. According to the distribution network cable on-site maintenance management system, the problems of no informatization management of the cable work well status attribute and the cable status attribute and no relation to a geographic information system are innovatively solved, and the accuracy and the practicability of cable management are improved. The distribution network cable on-site maintenance management system has the characteristics of convenience in use, comprehensive function and accuracy in positioning and is suitable for power enterprises to develop system management of cable work wells and cables.