A steel plate-mortar combined structure comprises a steel plate base layer and a mortar surface layer, wherein a reinforced plexiform layer is arranged in the mortar surface layer and fixedly connected with the steel plate base layer. When the steel plate-mortar combined structure is in use, the reinforced plexiform layer is additionally arranged between the steel plate base layer and the mortar surface layer so as to ensure reasonable distance between the steel plate base layer and the mortar surface layer and improve the overall strength, and accordingly the engineering quality is effectively guaranteed and an ideal integrated effect is achieved.