The invention discloses a double-direction rapid-setting moon phase mechanism of a mechanical watch. The double-direction rapid-setting moon phase mechanism of the mechanical watch comprises a clockwise rapid-setting mechanism and an anti-clockwise rapid-setting mechanism. The clockwise rapid-setting mechanism comprises a week calendar rapid-setting rod setting or dislocating a week calendar wheel part, a second moon phase idle gear part meshed with the week calendar wheel part and a moon phase wheel part meshed with the second moon phase idle gear part. The anti-clockwise rapid-setting mechanism comprises a moon phase rapid-setting rod and a moon phase rapid-setting wheel part set or dislocated by the moon phase rapid-setting rod. The moon phase rapid-setting wheel part is meshed with the week calendar wheel part which is meshed with the second moon phase idle gear part. The second moon phase idle gear part is meshed with the moon phase wheel part. The double-direction rapid-setting moon phase mechanism of the mechanical watch has the advantages that due to the fact that moon phase rapid-setting rod sets the moon phase rapid-setting wheel part, reverse and rapid setting of a moon phase wheel controlled by the moon phase rapid-setting wheel part is achieved, double-direction rapid setting of a moon phase mechanism which can only be rapidly set in a single direction is achieved, meanwhile, a rapid-setting button can be arranged on a plurality of point positions of the watch by the double-direction rapid-setting moon phase mechanism, the structure is simple, manufacturability is good, practicability is strong and operating is convenient.