The invention provides a detection method and a detection system of an intelligent relay protection device. Aiming at the situation that compared with the prior art, dynamic properties of the relay protection device cannot be detected effectively in an intelligent substation spot, and starting from the feature of sharing of digitalization and informatization of an intelligent substation secondary system, the detection method which regards a digit simulation system as a data source and regards synchronous working of a plurality of digitized relay protection testers is provided and the detection system of the intelligent relay protection device is constructed. Various operating situations which probably happen in a transformer substation can be simulated according to an actual electric topological structure of an intelligent substation and device parameters construction and simulation models in a lab, simulating calculation can be conducted, transient test data which have higher similarity with the actual operating situations can be achieved by transforming, the transient test data can be output in the intelligent substation spot in a playback mode, and detection of the dynamic properties of the relay protection device and checkout work of protection definite value can be carried out.