The invention provides a high-voltage direct current broadband domain corona current measurement system. The high-voltage direct current broadband domain corona current measurement system comprises a sampling resistance sensor, an extra-high voltage local measurement unit, an optical fiber transmission unit, a safe location measurement unit and an upper computer. The sampling resistance sensor samples the corona current signals of a high-voltage direct current, and converts the corona current signals to voltage signals. The extra-high voltage local measurement unit collects the voltage signals, and optical signals are obtained through photovoltaic conversion. The optical signals are transmitted to the safe location measurement unit through the optical fiber transmission unit. The safe location measurement unit converts the optical signals to the voltage signals. The upper computer processes, stores and displays the voltage signals. The high-voltage direct current broadband domain corona current measurement system has the advantages of being wide in measured frequency range, strong in capability of resisting electromagnetic interference and the like and can have a long-term and stable operation under the environment of extra-high voltage direct current and under the condition of all kinds of bad natural environment conditions, and provides effective technical means for further research of high voltage direct current corona characteristics.