The invention discloses a method of an automatic export of data of a portable device. The method comprises the following steps: S1, detecting mounting configuration files of the portable device, and obtaining a mounting catalogue of at least one mobile storage device in the mounting configuration files; S2, searching whether a preset check file name exists in the mounting catalogue; S3, when the preset check file name is confirmed to exist, using a encryption algorithm to process a check file corresponding to the preset check file name in the mobile storage device to obtain a check code; S4, comparing the check code with a preset check code of the portable device to judge whether the check code and the preset check code are the same; and S5, when the check code and the preset check code are judged to be the same, exporting the data from a storage unit of the portable device to a mobile storage device. The invention further discloses a system of the automatic export of the data of the portable device.