The invention discloses a device for eliminating sand of crude oil of a laboratory. The device comprises a sample chamber, a sample desanding chamber and a sample cooling settling chamber from top to bottom, wherein the peripheries of the sample chamber and the sample desanding chamber are provided with heating assemblies; the sample desanding chamber is internally provided with multi-level desanding sieve plates from top to bottom, the desanding sieve plates are composed of filter screens, and the desanding sieve plates are divided into multiple levels according to the pore size; and the bore diameter is unequal from 5 micrometers to 4.75 millimeters, and the sample cooling settling chamber is provided with a cooling cycle structure. Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a method for adopting the device to eliminate sand under a closed environment. The method provided by the invention can be used for solving the problems that impurities in sand of crude oil containing the sand is hard to eliminate, efficiently eliminating the sand in the crude oil is eliminated in a high efficiency manner, meanwhile performing quantitative and qualitative analysis on the sand, and keeping the crude oil properties constant, and is simple and safe in use. The device provided by the invention is suitable for fields such as impurity elimination treatment of laboratory crude oil and fluid impurity filtration.