The invention discloses a destructive distillation method and a device for a fluidized bed of oil shale to solve the problems that charking loading born by a charking appliance is enabled to be high and use amount of a high-temperature carrier which is used for heating oil shale raw materials is large due to the fact that one charking appliance is utilized to conduct charking in the prior art. The destructive distillation method includes the following steps: A. mixing the oil shale raw materials (90) with the high-temperature carrier after the oil shale raw materials are heated in an oil shale raw material pre-heating pipe (11); B. conducting a destructive distillation reaction on the oil shale raw materials in a bed type destructive distillation reactor (10), sending formed mixed semi-coke into a pipe type charking appliance (1) after steam stripping; C. conducting one-stage charking on the mixed semi-choke in a lower reaction section (101) of the pipe type charking appliance and an upper reaction section (102) of the pipe type charking appliance; D. conducting second-stage charking on the mixed semi-choke after the one-stage charking in a bed type charking appliance (2). The invention discloses the device which is used for achieving the destructive distillation method for the fluidized bed of the oil shale.