The invention discloses a transient-state waveform analysis system based on an electronic mutual inductor. The transient-state waveform analysis system based on the electronic mutual inductor comprises an electronic mutual inductor device, a high-precision sampling device and a waveform analysis device, wherein the electronic mutual inductor is connected with the high-precision sampling device via an optical fiber; the high-precision sampling device is connected with the waveform analysis device via an optical fiber; and the electronic mutual inductor device 1 is also connected with a bus alternating-current voltage input module via a line. According to the transient-state waveform analysis system based on the electronic mutual inductor, which is disclosed by the invention, not only the defects that the traditional mutual inductor can not provide higher sampling precision and time response are overcome, but also the data can be stored in a comtrade file format by the waveform analysis device, and the comtrade file format can be checked as postmortem analysis and also can be provided for other mainstream manufacturer analysis systems to serve as a data source.