An image processing device includes: a significant digit number encoding unit of designating a set of a predetermined number of coefficient data items generated from image data, wherein the maximum number of significant digits of coefficient data for each set every cycle is obtained, and information regarding the maximum number is encoded; a zero run encoding unit of encoding zero runs formed by sets that include only coefficient data whose value is 0 at a cycle that differs from the cycle of encoding the significant digit number; an absolute value encoding unit for extracting the absolute value for the maximum number of significant digits other than the zero runs, and encoding the absolute value at a cycle that differs from a cycle in relation to coefficient data other than the zero runs; and a symbol encoding unit for encoding the positive or negative sign of each coefficient data item whose absolute value is not 0 in a set at a cycle that differs from a cycle in relation to coefficient data other than the zero runs.