The invention relates to a triggering and monitoring unit of a converter valve thyristor, which comprises a central processing unit I and an auxiliary circuit I connected with the former, as well as a central processing unit II and an auxiliary circuit II connected with the former, wherein an electronic-to-optical converting circuit of the auxiliary circuit I is communicated with the central processing unit II; a control protection system sends a triggering command and junction temperature information of the thyristor to valve-based electronic equipment; and the valve-based electronic equipment generates a triggering pulse according to the received triggering command and the junction temperature information of the thyristor, and sends the triggering pulse to a thyristor triggering and monitoring unit, and finally, the thyristor triggering and monitoring unit generates and sends the triggering pulse to a thyristor gate pole. The triggering and monitoring unit adopts the advantage of a twin pulse code to monitor the thyristor actively, and the pulse code is concise; before the thyristor is triggered, the thyristor triggering and monitoring unit triggers the monitoring unit and sends the state of the thyristor to the valve-based electronic equipment, and the thyristor is triggered after the valve-based electronic equipment judges that the thyristor is at a normal state; therefore, the reliability of the triggering and monitoring method for the converter valve is improved, and a junction temperature protection function is achieved at the same time.