The invention discloses a hot plug type conversion system for new energy and an energy storage system, which comprises a DC (Direct Current) power supply, bidirectional DC/DC (Direct Current/Direct Current) converters, a DC bus, a bidirectional DC/AC (Direct Current/Alternating Current) power converter and a parallel switch. A cell array is accessed to an inversion system by the bidirectional DC/DC converters, so that the conversion system can adapt to the cell arrays in various forms. A DC power line carrier communication mode is adopted, so that the conversion system is simpler, more convenient and quicker to mount or maintain, and more reliable in parallel operation, and various current equalization control strategies can be adopted conveniently. The communication mode is matched with a hot plug power switch for achieving hot plug of the cell array and the bidirectional DC/DC converters, so that the defect that outage is required under the condition that the DC side cell array of the traditional DC/AC inversion system is in a failure or maintenance state is overcome; the reliability and the fault-tolerant ability of the overall conversion system are improved; and the capacity of the overall conversion system is convenient to expand.