A switching control method comprises: after a mode switching instruction is received, loading banknotes of a certain amount to a temporary storage module (S101); shielding and releasing a cash cartridge after the loading is completed (S102); and after the cash cartridge is shielded and released, switching a working mode to a working mode of simultaneously running cash counting and maintenance and cash service, sending mode switching completion information, so as to instruct a worker to perform cash counting and maintenance, and at the same time, a self-service device providing a cash service by using the banknotes in the temporary storage module (S103). That is, during cash counting and maintenance, when a customer withdraws money, the cash provided by the self-service device is taken from the temporary storage module; and when a customer deposits money, the cash received by the self-service device is also stored into the temporary storage module, so that cash counting and maintenance and cash service can be performed simultaneously, thereby improving the multi-functional service rate of the self-service device. Also disclosed are a switching control apparatus and a self-service device.