The invention provides an efficient comprehensive utilization method of a siderite resource. The method comprises the following steps of: crushing and screening raw siderite; transferring into a chain grate-rotary kiln for preheating and reducing roasting; cooling and screening the reduced and roasted siderite to obtain the reduced and roasted siderite at an oversize fraction and reduced and roasted siderite at a down-screen fraction; respectively carrying out dry magnetic separation on the reduced and roasted siderite at two fractions to obtain magnetic products and nonmagnetic products; combining the magnetic products and crushing; grinding and magnetically separating once at least to obtain directly reduced iron powder and first tailings; pneumatically separating the nonmagnetic product at the oversize fraction to obtain semi-coke and second tailings; and mixing the first tailings, the second tailings and the nonmagnetic product at the down-screen fraction to obtain a mixture, wherein the mixture is used as a raw material for producing cement, and the tail gas from the rotary kiln as the boiler fuel. According to the efficient comprehensive utilization method of the siderite resource, the poor-quality iron ore sources and poor-quality coal are fully utilized to produce high-quality directly reduced iron, so that the coking, sintering and blast furnace ironmaking can be saved, the exhaust mission is reduced, and as a result, the environment is improved; the byproduct naming semi-coke can be used as a solid fuel for sintering iron ore.