The invention relates to a method for monitoring a sand carrying effect of a drilling fluid. The method is characterized by sequentially comprising the steps of rock debris collection, rock debris weighing, and data transmission, storage, computation and display. Before being collected, rock debris of the drilling fluid is fully separated through a vibrating screen; a rock debris collector collects the rock debris returned from the vibrating screen in real time and releases the collected rock debris to a weighing sensor regularly; the weighing sensor meters the weight of the rock debris, converts the weight into an electric signal, and transmits the electric signal to a computer. The method has the advantages that through computer display, the sand carrying effect of the drilling fluid is quantized and stored; a rechecking function is realized, and the subjective influence of observation according to the ability and experience of an operator in the prior art is eliminated; an accurate measurement effect is achieved, the sand carrying effect of the drilling fluid can be accurately mastered, and a drilling engineering accident is prevented. The method is applicable to a drilling engineering site in a severe environment, safe, reliable, and low in manufacturing cost.