The invention relates to an ultra-light authentication method for an asymmetrical digital signature technology. According to the method, a current mature asymmetrical digital signature algorithm is used, and ultra-light authentication of an asymmetrical digital signature is realized on a power distribution terminal according to the practical characteristics of power distribution automatic terminal equipment, so that asymmetrical digital signature authentication can be realized on the conventional hardware platform with the conventional power distribution terminal, and hardware is not required to be changed or updated; and meanwhile, all software codes are compiled and designed by adopting a standard C/C++ language library, which is not specific to a certain hardware platform, so that more perfect compatibility is realized, and the software codes can be complied into any conventional platform for using. Due to the adoption of the ultra-light authentication method for the asymmetrical digital signature technology, encryption safety protection can be performed on the control command of a power distribution automatic system, so that the operation safety of power distribution automatic system equipment is ensured.