The invention discloses an optical switching pressure plate and an intelligent substation communication network system. The optical switching pressure plate includes a PCB (printed circuit board) and an optical mechanical switch disposed on the PCB. The optical mechanical switch has an incidence light path and two emitting light paths. The optical pressure plate further comprises a screen handle switch for controlling an emitting end of the optical mechanical switch to switch between the two emitting light paths. According to the optical switching pressure plate and the intelligent substation communication network system, the screen handle switch controls emitting light path switching of the optical mechanical switch; and in the intelligent substation communication network system, the optical switching pressure plate is connected to corresponding optical fiber communication network lines, and in case of any failure detected in an optical fiber network that needs to be protected, an original light transmission path is changed with rotating the screen handle switch only and without disconnecting the network, and the original failure network is cut off and is rapidly switched to a backup network. As a result, the optical switching pressure plate and the intelligent substation communication network system are of great significance for maintenance of normal communication and safe power grids.