The invention discloses a material transportation control method based on a petrochemical enterprise production device. The method comprises the following steps of (1) collecting the material stock of each production device and each tank as well as the material inlet and outlet flow rate in real time within the current control period; calculating the in-situ data variation of each production device and tank in the current control period; (2) calculating a predetermined production scheme of a next control period according to the data acquired in the step (1); (3) classifying communication nodes among the production devices and tanks into a convergence point and a distribution point, and carrying out the simulated flow rate control for each distribution point and each convergence point; and (4) updating the predetermined production scheme in step (2) according to the simulated material flow rate of each distribution point and convergence point acquired in the step (3), and controlling the material transportation through corresponding valves on the spot. Due to the adoption of the material transportation control method, a great amount of pipeline distribution and convergence point coefficients can be optimized, and the material transportation efficiency can be effectively improved.