A low-altitude strong rheum officinale seedling breeding method comprises the steps of variety selection, breeding place selection, seedling soil selection, seedling time selection, seedling bed preparation, sowing, mulch covering, weeding, seedling separating, fertilizing and seedling transplanting. The low-altitude strong rheum officinale seedling breeding method can improve the transplantation survival rate of rheum officinale, save seeds, shorten the planting year of the rheum officinale and reduce the seedling planting cost.