The invention relates to a box-type energy storage system and belongs to the technical field of power electronics. The box-type energy storage system adopts a battery pack overall layout, and an overhauling passage and a maintenance passage are not preinstalled, so that the space utilization rate of a container is effectively improved. In the battery arrangement structure provided by the invention, container-type batteries are arranged in an overall mode, multiple compartments are separated in the container, sliding devices, which ensure that battery packs can be dismounted easily, are arranged at both sides and bottom of each compartment, the overhauling passage is not needed to be preinstalled in the middle, the container is pulled out to work outside by virtue of an external actuating unit when the battery needs to be overhauled or integrally replaced, so that the space utilization rate of the container is greatly improved and can be over 90%.