The invention discloses a preparation and self-restoration method of a carbon fiber/silver nanoparticle/polyether sulfone composite material with an interface self-restoration function and relates to a preparation and self-restoration method of a composite material, and the preparation method is used for solving the problems of reduced mechanical performance and restoration difficulty of the conventional carbon fiber composite material due to cracks easily generated on the interface of the conventional carbon fiber composite material. The preparation and self-restoration method comprises the following steps of: I, preparing a carbon fiber/silver nanoparticle fiber; II, preparing a carbon fiber/sliver nanoparticle composite material; III, preparing the carbon fiber/silver nanoparticle/polyether sulfone composite material with the interface self-restoration function. The carbon fiber/silver nanoparticle/polyether sulfone composite material which is prepared by the preparation and self-restoration method disclosed by the invention has the interface self-restoration function; the interface of the carbon fiber/silver nanoparticle/polyether sulfone composite material can be restored by illumination. The preparation and self-restoration method is used for self-restoration of the carbon fiber/silver nanoparticle/polyether sulfone composite material with the interface self-restoration function and the damaged carbon fiber/silver nanoparticle/polyether sulfone composite material.