The invention provides an efficient planting shed and a planting method. The efficient planting shed comprises a shed body and is characterized in that the side wall of the shed body is provided with light supplementing lamps with light irradiating in parallel; by arranging the light supplementing lamps having the light irradiating in parallel and being formed by red lights, blue lights and purple lights in a matched combination manner on the side wall of the shed body, the light supplementing lamps can emit light in a solar spectrum needed by green plants, so that the plants can be irradiated by the light supplementing lamps after the sun goes down or at night, and thus the irradiation time of the plants each day is increased, a light environment suitable for growth and development of the plants can be created continuously, and nutrients needed by the growth and the development of the plants can be obtained under further photosynthesis so as to promote the green plants to grow quickly and vigorously.