The invention discloses a satellite camera heat protection door system with an active temperature control function. The satellite camera heat protection door system with the active temperature control function is composed of a heat protection door body, a driving system and a temperature control system. The heat protection door body is composed of a heat protection door structural plate, multi-layer thermal insulation materials on the outer surface, a high-emission-rate coating on the inner surface and an installment ring; the driving system is composed of a speed reduction mechanism and a driving motor; the temperature control system is composed of an embedded electrical heating piece, a temperature sensor and a heating controller; the multi-layer thermal insulation materials cover the heat protection door structural plate; the high-emission-rate coating coats the inner side of the heat protection door structural plate; the driving motor and the speed reduction mechanism are fixed to a camera sunshade; the installment ring of the heat protection door is fixed to the heat protection door structural plate; the driving motor is connected with the installment ring of the heat protection door through the speed reduction mechanism; the motor rotates to open or close the heat protection door. The satellite camera heat protection door system with the active temperature control function can reduce heat leakage of a camera in the non-imaging process and power consumption of active heating of the camera and ensure that the temperature of the camera is stable in the imaging process.