The invention discloses a similar information identifying method based on information fingerprints. According to the method, firstly, Chinese word segmenting is carried out on texts of each document, word frequency is calculated, and words with high word frequency are taken out to serve as feature values; according to the extracted feature values, an information fingerprint of each document is calculated, the information fingerprints of the two documents are compared, and if a comparison result is larger than a threshold value, then the result that the two documents are similar can be judged. According to the method, the situation that in the prior art, all information of two documents needs to be calculated and compared can be avoided, and calculation complexity is greatly reduced; due to the fact that the information fingerprint of each document is unique, when similarity of multiple documents is judged, what is needed is to compare the information fingerprints, and work efficiency can be effectively improved.