The invention discloses a power distribution network fault recovery optimization rebuilding algorithm based on a critical path method. After a fault occurs in a power distribution network, a power supply recovery system analyzes and judges the fault occurring in the power distribution network in real time according to relevant information, a correct effective sound power-loss area power supply recovery strategy is provided to help a dispatcher to accurately determine the fault position and isolate a fault area to quickly recover power supply in non-fault areas. Optimization recovery of power supply of non-sound areas of the power distribution network is facilitated, the scheduling level of the power distribution network is improved, power failure time is reduced, safety, reliability and economy of the power distribution network are improved, and good application prospects are achieved.