The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-strength high-elasticity modulus titanium matrix composite. The high-strength high-elasticity modulus titanium matrix composite is composed of the following components by mass percent: 5.5%-6.5% of Al, 3.5%-5.5% of V, 0.1%-0.2% of Y, 0.2%-2.0% of B, 0.2%-2.0% of C and the balance of titanium and inevitable impurities; the preparation method comprises the following steps of: 1, preparing a TiB intermediate alloy; 2, preparing a TiC intermediate alloy; 3, mixing sponge titanium, aluminium shot, yttrium and AlV alloy with the TiB intermediate alloy and the TiC intermediate alloy, and pressing the mixture into an electrode block, pre-smelting and repeatedly smelting; 4, casting rods; and 5, carrying out hot isostatic pressing treatment. The preparation method has the advantages that the intermediate alloys are prepared so that the volume fraction and the distribution of the wild phases TiB and TiC can be controlled, and therefore, the structure and performance of the composite can be controlled, and the components of the composite are even through pre-smelting and re-smelting.