The invention discloses a coal mining equipment state recognition and pre-warning method based on two-dimensional protection, and relates to a coal mine main fan and an elevator. The diagnosis method includes the steps of extracting a vibration signal from an equipment monitoring system, obtaining 24 characteristic indexes used for describing the equipment operating state through data analysis and calculation, and projecting the 24 characteristic indexes in a two-dimensional space in a two-dimensional projection method to obtain distribution characteristics of projection values. Due to the fact that the distraction of the projection values of the characteristic indexes is fixed when fixed equipment operates normally, a characteristic assessment index system is built, then by comparison of projection distribution of the 24 characteristic indexes to be assessed at a certain moment and the characteristic assessment index system, whether the equipment operating state at a certain moment is abnormal can be judged, and a worker can be reminded to take corresponding maintenance measures.