The invention relates to a device for spiral superfinishing of a raceway of a bearing inner race. According to the device for the spiral superfinishing of the raceway of the bearing inner race, the output end of an oscillating shaft of a spatial connecting rod vibration oscillator is fixedly connected with a spline housing, a spline shaft which is matched with the spline housing is movably connected in the spline housing, the front end of the spline shaft is fixedly connected with an oilstone swinging head, the oilstone swinging head is connected with the spline housing through a tension spring, a push rod is arranged in the oscillating shaft in a penetrating mode, the front end of the push rod penetrates out of the front end of the oscillating shaft to be in contact connection with the spline shaft, and the rear end of the push rod penetrates out of the rear end of the oscillating shaft to be connected with a pushing device with the stroke and speed adjustable. According to the device for the spiral superfinishing of the raceway of the bearing inner race, the lead angle and screw pitch of spiral motion can be changed by adjusting the oscillating angle of the oscillating shaft and the eccentricity of an eccentric cam or the movement amount of the electric push rod; the speed and oscillating frequency of the spiral motion can be changed by adjusting the rotating speed of a driving device of a speed regulating motor of the spatial connecting rod vibration oscillator and a speed regulating motor of the pushing device with the stroke and speed adjustable or the pushing speed of the electric push rod, superfinishing surface roughness of raceways of different bearing inner races is improved, and waviness is reduced.