The invention provides a multiple-description video coding method based on a human visual system. The multiple-description video coding method includes the steps that firstly a video sequence is read in, odd-even frames of the video sequence are separated to obtain a main information odd frame sub-sequence X1 and a main information even frame sub-sequence X2; secondly, a rebuilt even frame sequence and a rebuilt odd frame sequence are obtained respectively according to a JND error forecasting mechanism, and redundant information Y2 of a path of odd frames and redundant information Y1 of a path of even frames are obtained after the even frame sequence and the odd frame sequence are processed by an encoding mode selection module; thirdly the main information X1, the main information X2, the redundant information Y1 and the redundant information Y2 are encoded respectively through a standard encoder and a redundant information encoder; fourthly, after encoding, the X1 and X2 form a description 1, the X2 and Y1 form a description 2, and the description 1 and description 2 are transmitted to an encoding end to be encoded through different channels.