The invention relates to an elastic tooth type farmland film residue recycling machine. The elastic tooth type farmland film residue recycling machine comprises a rack, a film residue box, a transmission mechanism, a film release wheel, a chain belt, beams, film picking elastic teeth, a film supporting plate and a land wheel. The chain belt is of a closed ring shape, the dip angle is formed between the chain belt and the ground, the rear end of the chain belt makes contact with the ground, the front end of the chain belt is located above the film residue box, the beams are fixedly connected with the chain belt, and the film picking elastic teeth are fixed to the beams. The film supporting plate is located below the chain belt and makes contact with the outer ends of the film picking elastic teeth, and the film release wheel is located in front of the front end of the chain belt. The transmission mechanism drives the chain belt, the beams, the film picking elastic teeth and the film release wheel to rotate, wherein the beams are connected with the chain belt. When the film picking elastic teeth pass the ground, film residues on the ground are picked up and conveyed to the film residue box, and the film supporting plate supports the film residues. The film release wheel is rotated at high speed under the drive of the transmission mechanism, and then the film residues on the film picking elastic teeth are released and fed to the film residue box. The elastic tooth type farmland film residue recycling machine is simple in structure, convenient to repair and maintain, reliable in using, high in film residue recycling rate, and capable of recycling the film residues on the earth surface.