The invention discloses processing equipment for removing fluorides and calcium ions in coal chemical industry sewage. The processing equipment is characterized by comprising a biochemical treatment apparatus, a slush separator, a medicament storage and adding apparatus, a sludge backflow and discharge system and a control apparatus. According to the processing equipment comprising the biochemical treatment apparatus, the slush separator, the medicament storage and adding apparatus, the sludge backflow and discharge system and the control apparatus, a combined processing technology of biochemical treatment and addition of auxiliary medicaments removes part of the pollution substances in advance and creates favorable conditions for subsequent sewage processing, so as to reach better sewage processing effects. In addition, as the biochemical treatment apparatus and the slush separator can operate and be controlled independently, the operation of the processing equipment is more flexible, and the processing flow can be simplified as needed to increase efficiency.