The invention discloses a micro-disturbance grouting method for a water-rich weak stratum shield to pass through a building, and belongs to the technical field of shield engineering. Before the shield is tunneled, a grouting system and the grout performance are inspected. Synchronous grouting is controlled in grout materials, the grouting quantity, the grouting pressure, the grouting sequence, the grouting speed and the injection rate. When postures of the shield are not good, synchronous grouting is carried out on a soil layer according to the grouting quantity during over-excavation. The grouting quality is evaluated through the two indexes of the grouting pressure and the grouting quantity. The grout materials, the grout compensated quantity, the grouting pressure and the grouting opportunity are controlled during secondary group compensation. Synchronous grouting and secondary grout compensation are dynamically adjusted according to monitoring result feedback conditions. According to the micro-disturbance grouting method, synchronous grouting and secondary grout compensation are controlled in the water-rich weak stratum, influences on the ground surface and the building when the shield passes through the building are reduced, and the micro-disturbance control effect is achieved.