The invention discloses a heater protection device. The heater protection device comprises a protection body used for isolating a heating tube from a heating groove, the protection body is provided with an inner cavity capable of being filled with a liquid, and the inner cavity is provided with more than one opening, wherein a pressure alarm device is arranged at the at least one opening. The embodiment of the invention further provides a corresponding system. According to the heater protection device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the protection body and the liquid filled in the inner cavity play a role of isolation, and after a dry-burning phenomenon is generated, the heating groove can be prevented from being on fire by heating; the liquid filled in the inner cavity can be expanded by heating or generate steam, so as to drive the pressure alarm device to work; thus, further protection can be provided after the dry-burning phenomenon is generated, so that the occurrence of a fire can be avoided.