The invention discloses gelatin microsphere composite chitosan fiber framework bone cement and preparation and use methods thereof. The gelatin microsphere composite chitosan fiber framework bone cement is mainly prepared by gelatin microspheres, chitosan fiber, calcium phosphate bone cement powder and a curing liquid, wherein the gelatin microspheres and the chitosan fiber are mixed according to a mass ratio of 7:1, so that a microsphere fiber framework structure is obtained; and the calcium phosphate bone cement powder and the microsphere fiber framework structure are mixed according to a mass ratio of 3:1 and are mixed with the curing liquid according to a solid-liquid mass ratio of (3-4):1, so that the gelatin microsphere composite chitosan fiber framework bone cement is obtained. The composite bone cement fills a bone defect and is supplemented by internal fixation, the bone defect is coated with tissues such as gelatin sponge, periosteum and the like after the material is initially set for 10 minutes, cuts are closed sequentially, and treatment such as anti-inflammation and the like is given after an operation. The gelatin microsphere composite chitosan fiber framework bone cement has the advantages as follows: the porosity of the bone cement is improved, mutually communicated micro holes are formed, the mechanical strength and the drug carrying performance are improved, micro holes of the bone cement are communicated through micro hole channels, and the bone cement can be absorbed and degraded rapidly.