The invention belongs to the technical field of material corrosion, and relates to a method for evaluating the corrosion state of a carbon steel material in an atmospheric environment. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a standard databank, and acquiring surface corrosion information and corrosion evaluation of the carbon steel material of on-site equipment, and performing self-learning of a system. The method is simple, convenient and practical, high in universality, high in precision, flexible in processing method and reliable in information storage and transmission; according to the method, automation working is achieved, the accuracy in evaluating the corrosion state of the carbon steel material in the atmospheric environment is greatly improved, and the experimental data are reliable and convincible; due to implementation of the method, interference of artificial factors is reduced, and scientific conclusion can be provided, so that effective measures can be taken by equipment management and maintenance departments, and equipment overhaul and corrosion protection can be specially performed.