The invention discloses a shield tunnel segment non-homogeneous equivalent beam element model structural calculation method. The method includes the steps that firstly, basic data are collected, a routine method model is established, calculation is carried out, and the values of internal force of the section of each joint is extracted; secondly, equivalent section mechanical parameters are calculated; thirdly, a non-homogeneous equivalent beam element model is established, and structural calculation is carried out; fourthly, equivalent section parameters are calculated again; fifthly, the equivalent section mechanical parameters input in the third step are compared with the section mechanical parameters output in the fourth step, whether the comparison result meets error precision requirements or not is judged, and if not, the third step is executed, iterative calculation is carried out again, and the third step, the fourth step and the fifth step are repeated. The calculation model adopted in the method is more approximate to the truth, and calculation results are more accurate.