The invention discloses a carbon-nanotube-reinforced aluminum-base composite material which is prepared by the following steps: 1) carrying out high-speed shear mixing on predispersed carbon nanotubes and an adhesive until the adhesive is uniformly coated on the carbon nanotube surface, adding pure aluminum powder or aluminum alloy powder, and carrying out high-speed shear mixing until the carbon nanotubes are uniformly distributed on the pure aluminum powder or aluminum alloy powder surface, thereby obtaining first composite powder; 2) carrying out ball milling on the obtained first composite powder to obtain second composite powder; and 3) sequentially carrying out sinter molding and hot extrusion molding to obtain the carbon-nanotube-reinforced aluminum-base composite material. The adverse factors capable of resulting in stratification due to density variation are eliminated, so that the CNTs (carbon nanotubes) and the aluminum powder are uniformly mixed while keeping favorable sintering activity, and the bonding strength between the CNTs and aluminum powder is enhanced to obtain favorable interfacial combination. The combined action of work hardening and grain refining reinforcement on the base can be utilized to enhance the aluminum base, so that the tensile strength and wear resistance of the composite material are greatly enhanced.